How do I find a player that is my friend and I want to be in the same area as them!?

The easiest way is to simply ask them, through province or alliance chat. Or send them a mail in the game. Ask them to send their province and co-ordinates. You can find these in the world map screen. You can then tap the coordinates bar on the world map screen yourself and enter their location to find them.

If you are both in the same alliance then you may be able to see their location in the alliance members list depending on your status.