How to Calculate points for each building and research upgrade?

Points can vary depending on the event. To calculate you need to check the research or building upgrade to see how much power you will gain. And then the event points for the power increase.

For research, tap on the item to research and then tap the 'i' info button in the top right to see the Increase Combat Power listing for each level.

For Building upgrades, tap on the building then on the Details option. Then tap the More Information button at the bottom to view the power listings for each level. If there is no specific increase listed then you need to work out the difference between the current power level and the next one.

Once you know the power increase check the event listing (Hourly challenges or Clash of Provinces event) to see how many points are awarded for each point of power increase and do the maths.